PSG has now claimed the season-opening cup on fourteen different times.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the showdown between the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup winners after the French winger found the net early on.
Yet, Marseille struck two times in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital equaliser in the dying moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for PSG to seal a convincing shootout victory.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.